Datos normativos de tres pruebas neuropsicológicas en población adulta colombiana

Resumen

Purpose: To generate normative data for the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test-Modified (M-WCST), Trail Making Test (TMT), and the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) for the adult population of Colombia, with adjustments for age, education level, and gender as appropriate. Method: The sample consisted of 1,425 clinically healthy adults who were evaluated in the cities of Barranquilla, Bogota, Cali, Ibague, Manizales, and Neiva. Each participant was administered the M-WCST, TMT, and the HVLT-R as part of a larger neuropsychological battery. The normative data were generated based on multiple linear regressions and residual standard deviations, using a standardized four-step procedure. Results: Multiple linear regression models revealed an effect of age and education for the M-WCST, TMT, and the HVLT-R, while gender only had a significant effect on total and delayed recall of the HVLT-R. Consequently, normative data were corrected according to the statistically significant demographic variables on each of the final models. Conclusions: This study established highly accurate, bias-free normative data for three very frequently used neuropsychological instruments. Furthermore, the normative data are expressed as percentiles, and presented in tables to facilitate their clinical application.