Desigualdad social y salud en España¿cómo influyen en la salud y en el uso de los servicios sanitarios la clase social, el nivel educativo y la situación laboral?

  1. Yolanda González-Rábago 1
  2. Izaskun Cuartango 1
  3. Amaia Bacigalupe 1
  1. 1 Universidad del País Vasco, España
Journal:
Praxis sociológica

ISSN: 1575-0817

Year of publication: 2015

Issue Title: Desigualdades y exclusión social

Issue: 19

Pages: 103-124

Type: Article

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Abstract

The ability of people to develop their potential for health is determined by the social determinants of health, and their unequal distribution generates inequalities in health between groups socially, demographically or geographically defi ned. The aim of this article is to analyze the health inequalities in the Spanish population according to occupational social class, educational level and employment status, using data from the Spanish National Health Survey 2011-2012 and considering the population 25 years old and over. Standardized prevalences of variables of health and healthcare service use were calculated for the three socioeconomic variables in men and women. To measure the association between the employment status and health variables Odds ratios were calculated, using logistic regression models, and in the case of the educational level the Relative Index of Inequality was calculated. The results show that social class and educational level mark signifi cant inequalities in both health status and service use. Also, the unemployed have poorer general health and worse mental health than those employed. These results show the need for further research on health inequalities and the promotion of social policies to help reduce them.

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