Papel de las sustancias tóxicas en la muerte súbita cardiaca

  1. Benito Morentina
  2. Luis F. Callado
  3. Soledad García-Hernández
  4. Andrés Bodegas
  5. Joaquín Lucena
Revista:
Revista española de medicina legal: órgano de la Asociación Nacional de Médicos Forenses

ISSN: 0377-4732

Año de publicación: 2018

Volumen: 44

Número: 1

Páginas: 13-21

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.1016/J.REML.2017.05.005 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

Otras publicaciones en: Revista española de medicina legal: órgano de la Asociación Nacional de Médicos Forenses

Resumen

El consumo de sustancias tóxicas constituye un factor de riesgo significativo para la muerte súbita cardiaca. Los tóxicos con mayor relevancia son las drogas ilegales (especialmente la cocaína), el alcohol y el tabaco, y en menor medida, las sustancias dopantes. Diversos medicamentos también incrementan el riesgo de muerte súbita cardiaca. En el presente artículo se hace una revisión sobre el mecanismo de acción y la patología inducida por estos tóxicos; se ofrece información epidemiológica, se destaca la trascendencia de una investigación forense protocolizada y se discuten las implicaciones de la patología forense en la prevención. La posibilidad de consumo de drogas de abuso debería ser tenida en cuenta en toda muerte súbita cardiaca de un adolescente, joven o adulto de edad mediana, principalmente en varones. En deportistas sería conveniente descartar el uso de sustancias dopantes; y en pacientes que toman psicofármacos valorar su influencia en el fallecimiento, aún con niveles terapéuticos.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet