Vías de señalización intracelular que conducen a la apoptosis de las células de la retina

  1. M García
  2. E Vecino
Revista:
Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmologia

ISSN: 0365-6691

Año de publicación: 2003

Volumen: 78

Número: 7

Páginas: 351-364

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4321/S0365-66912003000700004 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmologia

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Algunas patologías oculares como la retinitis pigmentosa, la degeneración macular asociada a la edad, el glaucoma, el desprendimiento de retina, la retinopatía diabética o la miopía patológica producen la muerte por apoptosis de las células de la retina. Las caspasas son proteasas que participan en la cascada de señalización intracelular que conduce a la apoptosis en diferentes tipos celulares. Utilizando distintos modelos experimentales se ha demostrado la activación de caspasas en las células de la retina tras un daño. Sin embargo, algunos trabajos muestran que otras moléculas además de las caspasas se activan en la retina durante la apoptosis. Además el tipo de caspasa que se activa parece ser diferente dependiendo del tipo de célula de la retina que se analice y dependiendo del tipo de daño. La inhibición de los procesos que conducen a la apoptosis de las células de la retina podría reducir la muerte de dichas células y prevenir la pérdida irreversible de la función visual asociada a algunas enfermedades como el glaucoma. En el presente trabajo revisaremos los estudios de investigación básica publicados en los últimos años con el fin de conocer cuáles son la moléculas implicadas y los procesos que conducen a la apoptosis de los distintos tipos de células de la retina.

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