Intoxicación por metanol. A propósito de un caso
- Blanco-Fuentes, Urko 1
- Gil-Martin, Francisco-Javier 1
- 1 Servicio Vasco de Salud-Osakidetza. Servicio de Emergencias. Euskadi, España
ISSN: 0304-4858, 2173-2302
Year of publication: 2022
Volume: 119
Issue: 3
Pages: 162-164
Type: Article
More publications in: Gaceta médica de Bilbao: Revista oficial de la Academia de Ciencias Médicas de Bilbao. Información para profesionales sanitarios
Abstract
Methanol is a common component of lacquers, de-icers, burning alcohols, varnishes, solvents, glues... Methanol poisoning in our environment is rare, but it has high morbidity and mortality caused by the great toxicity of formic acid (methanol metabolite), favored by the delay in diagnosis and technical difficulties for its management. The most frequent symptoms are headache, nausea, abdominal pain, blurred vision, impaired visual acuity and decreased level of consciousness. The administration of ethanol competitively inhibits the formation of formic acid by inhibiting the enzyme aldehyde dehydrogenase. The fomepizole is an antidote whose affinity for the enzyme is much higher; however, it is not marketed in Spain. Mortality in methanol poisonings varies between 3-36%. 50% of the patients who survive present permanent sequelae in the form of blindness, parkinsonism and sensitive axonal polyneuropathy.
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