Compresiones torácicas mecánicas versus manuales en adultos en parada cardiorrespiratoria extrahospitalaria durante su traslado en ambulancia: una revisión sistemática.

Abstract

Background and objective: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is one of the main causes of death in developed countries and represents a major public health problem. The objective in this systematic review is whether mechanical cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is more effective than manual CPR in adults in OHCA during their transport by ambulance. Methods: A PRISMA based systematic review was performed. A search protocol was developed to be used in three databases (Medline, ScienceDirect and Web of Science). Clinical trials and observational studies published between January 2008 and December 2020 were included. Results:A total of 9 studies were selected, 5 carried out in patients, 3 carried out in mannequins and 1 carried out in animals. Mechanical CPR does not increase survival in adults at 30 days and decreases favourable neurological status at 1 year. On the other hand, favourable neurological status increases at 6 months, it presents a better quality of chest compression, it is independent of the movements of the vehicle and provides greater safety during the transfer. Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence to support the routine use of mechanical devices since mechanical CPR does not improve survival of adults in OHCA compared to manual CPR during ambulance transport. Finally, the need for research on this health issue is highlighted