Las psicosis de la epilepsiapresentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura

  1. Lázaro Perlado, Fernando
  2. Conde Rivas, M.
  3. Caminero Olea, Victoria
  4. Baraia-Zarra Ruiz, Jon
Revista:
Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría

ISSN: 0211-5735

Año de publicación: 2013

Volumen: 33

Número: 118

Páginas: 361-375

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.4321/S0211-57352013000200010 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de la Asociación Española de Neuropsiquiatría

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Presentamos el caso de un varón de 72 años con un diagnóstico previo de epilepsia del lóbulo temporal y esquizofrenia paranoide, que mostraba episodios de psicosis con sintomatología pleomórfica y atípica que no respondía bien al tratamiento antipsicótico. El paciente no presentaba un deterioro en su personalidad y había demostrado un buen ajuste y funcionamiento social. Tras revisar el caso se llega a cuestionar el diagnóstico previo de esquizofrenia paranoide proponiendo el diagnóstico alternativo de epilepsia del lóbulo temporal: crisis comiciales con sintomatología psicótica. Se instaura el tratamiento adecuado con éxito lo que permite el alta del paciente a su domicilio. Revisamos la literatura en la materia, concluyendo que las psicosis de la epilepsia han de tenerse en cuenta en casos de psicosis atípicas, resistentes a tratamiento en personas con buen funcionamiento psico-social sin deterioro en su personalidad

Referencias bibliográficas

  • (1) García Caballero A, García Lado I, González Hermida J, Recimil MJ, Area R, Manes F, Lamas S, Berrios GE. Validation of the Spanish version of the Addenbrooke´s Cognitive Examination in a rural community in Spain. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2006; 21: 239-45.
  • (2) Panayiotopoulos C.P. The epilepsies: seizures, syndromes and management. Chipping Norton (UK): Bladon Medical Publishing 2005.
  • (3) Elliott B, Joyce E, Shorvon S. Delusions, illusions and hallucinations in epilepsy: 2. Complex phenomena and psychosis. Epilepsy Research 2009; 85: 172-86.
  • (4) Adachi N, Onuma T, Nishiwaki S, Murauchi S, Akanuma N, Ishida S, Takei N. Inter-ictal and post-ictal psychoses in frontal lobe epilepsy: A restrospective comparison with psychoses in temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizure 2000; 9: 328-35.
  • (5) Adachi N, Akanuma N, Ito M, Kato M, Hara T, Oana Y, Matsuura M, Okubo Y, Onuma T. Epileptic, organic and genetic vulnerabilities for timing of the development of interictal psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry 2010; 196: 212-16.
  • (6) Butler T, Weisholtz D, Isenberg N, Harding E, Epstein J, Stern E, Silbersweig D. Neuroimaging of frontal-limbic dysfunction in schizophrenia and epilepsy-related psychosis: Toward a convergent neurobiology. Epilepsy & Behavior 2012; 23: 113-22.
  • (7) Canuet L, Ishii R, Pascual-Marqui RD, Iwase M, Kurimoto R, Aoki Y, Ikeda S, Takahashi H, Nakahachi T, Taakeda M. Resting-state EEG source localization and functional connectivity in schizophrenia-like psychosis of epilepsy. PLoS ONE 2011; 6(11): e27863. Doi:10.1371/journal. pone.0027863.
  • (8) Adachi N, Onuma T, Kato M, Ito M, Akanuma N, Hara T, Oana Y, Okubo Y., Matsuura, M. Analogy between psychosis antedating epilepsy and epilepsy antedating psychosis. Epilesia 2011; 52 (7): 1239-44.
  • (9) Qin P, Xu H, Laursen TM, Vestergaard M, Mortensen PB. Risk for schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychosis among patients with epilepsy: population based cohort study. British Medical Journal 2005; doi:10.1136/bmj.38488.462037.8F (published 17 June 2005).
  • (10) de Araújo Filho GM, Macedo da Silva J, Mazetto L, Marchetti R L, Yacubian EMT. Psychoses of epilepsy: A study comparing the clinical features of patients with focal versus generalized epilepsies. Epilepsy & Behavior 2011; 20: 655-58.
  • (11) Briellmann RS, Kalnins RM, Hopwood MJ, Ward C, Berkovic SF, Jackson GD. TLE patients with post-ictal psychosis: Mesial dysplasia and anterior hippocampal preservation. Neurology 2000; 55: 1027-30.
  • (12) Terbatz van Elst L, Baeumer D, Lemieux L, Woermann FG, Koepp M, Krishnamoorthy S, Thompson PJ, Ebert D, Trimble MR. Amygdala pathology in psychosis of epilepsy. A magnetic resonance imaging study in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy. Brain 2002; 125: 140-9.
  • (13) Aroniadou-Anderjaska V, Fritsch B, Qashu F, Braga MFM. Pathology and pathophysiology of the amygdala in epileptogenesis and epilepsy. Epilepsy Research 2008; 78: 102-16.
  • (14) Gastaut H, Roger J, Roger A. Sur la signification de certaines fugues épileptiques. A propso d’une observation électroclinique d’état de mal temporal. Revue Neurologique 1956; 94: 298-301.
  • (15) Kanner AM. Psychosis of epilepsy: a neurologist’s perspective. Epilepsy & Behavior 2000; 1: 219-27.
  • (16) Landolt H. Serial electroencephalographic investigations during psychotic episodes in epileptic patients and during schizophrenic attacks. In: Lorentz de Haas, A.M. (editor). Lectures on Epilepsy. Amsterdam: Elsevier 1958.
  • (17) Akanuma N, Kanemoto K, Adachi N, Kawasaki J, Ito M, Onuma T. Prolonged post-ictal psychosis with forced normalization (Landolt) in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy & Behaviour 2005; 6: 456-59.
  • (18) Jackson JH. On temporary mental disorders after epileptic paroxysm. West Riding Lunatic Assylum Medical Reports 1875; 5: 105-129.
  • (19) Kanemoto K, Kawasaki J, Kawai J. Postictal psychosis: a comparison with acute interictal and chronic psychoses. Epilepsia 1996; 37: 551-56.
  • (20) Logsdail SJ, Toone BK. Post-ictal psychoses: a clinical and phenomenological description. British Journal of Psychiatry 1988; 152: 246-52.
  • (21) Alper K, Kuzniecky R, Carlson C, Barr WB, Vorkas CK, Patel JG, Carrelli AL, Starner K, Flom PL, Devinsky O. Postictal psychosis in partial epilepsy: A case-control study. Annals of Neurology 2008; 63: 602-10.
  • (22) Falip M, Carreño M, Donaire A, Maestro I, Pintor L, Bargalló N, Boget T, Raspall A, Rumiá J, Setoaín J. Postictal psychosis: A restrospective study in patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy. Seizure 2009; 18: 145-49.
  • (23) Chang Y-T, Chen P-C, Tsai I-J, Sung F-C, Chin Z-N, Kuo H-T, Tsai C-H, Chou I-C. Bidirectional relation between schizophrenia and epilepsy: A population-based retrospective cohort study. Epilepsia 2011; 52(11): 2036-42.
  • (24) Kanner AM, Barry JJ. Controversy in epilepsy and behavior: is the psychopathology of epilepsy different from that of non-epileptic patients? Epilepsy & Behavior 2001; 2: 170-86.
  • (25) Farkas M, Baran B, Karpati R, Rajna P. Utility of electroshock therapy in epilepsy-associated psychosis. Ideggyogy Sz. 2002; 55(11-12): 400-5.
  • (26) Sachdev P. Schizophrenia-like psychosis and epilepsy: The status of the association. American Journal of Psychiatry 1998; 155: 325-36.
  • (27) Flügel D, Cercignani M, Symms MR, Koepp MJ, Foong J. A magnetization transfer imaging study in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and interictal psychosis. Biological Psychiatry 2006; 59: 560-67.
  • (28) Roberts GW, Done DJ, Bruton C, Crow TJ. A “mock up” of schizophrenia: Temporal lobe epilepsy and schizophrenia-like psychosis. Biological Psychiatry 1990; 28: 127-43.
  • (29) Kanemoto K, Tsuji T, Kawasaki J. Rexamination of interictal psychoses based on DSM IV psychosis classification an international epilepsy classification. Epilepsia 2001; 42(1): 98-103.
  • (30) Silberman EK, Sussman N, Skillings G, Callanan M. Aura phenomena and psychopathology: a pilot investigation. Epilepsia 1994; 35(4): 778-84.
  • (31) Sundram F, Cannon M, Doherty CP, Baker GJ, Fitzsimons M, Delanty N, Cotter D. Neuroanatomical correlates of psychosis in temporal lobe epilepsy: voxel-based morphometry study. British Journal of Psychiatry 2010; 197: 482-92.
  • (32) Smith PF, Darlington CL. The development o psychosis in epilepsy: a re-examination of the kindling hypothesis. Behavioural Brain Research 1996; 75: 59-66.
  • (33) Kapur S. Psychosis as a state of aberrant salience: a framework linking biology, phenomenology and pharmacology in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry 2003; 160: 13-23.
  • (34) Takahashi T, Wood SJ, Yung AR, Walterfang M, Phillips LJ, Soulsby B, Kawasaki Y, McGorry PD, Suzuki M, Velakoulis D, Pantelis C. Superior temporal gyrus volume in antipsychotic-naïve people at risk of psychosis. British Journal of Psychiatry 2010; 196: 206-11.
  • (35) Guarnieri R, WichertAna L, Hallak JEC, Velasco TR, Walz R, Kato M, Alexandre Jr V, Terra-Bustamante VC, Bianchin MM, Zuardi AW, Deakin JFW, Sakamoto AC. Interictal SPECT in patients with mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and psychosis: a case control study. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging 2005; 138: 75-84.
  • (36) Wotton CJ, Goldacre MJ. Coexistence of schizophrenia and epilepsy: Record-linkage studies. Epilepsia 2012; 53(4): 71-4.
  • (37) Adachi N, Hara T, Oana Y, Matsuura M, Okubo Y, Akanuma N, Ito M, Kato M, Onuma T. Difference in age of onset of psychosis between epilepsy and schizophrenia. Epilepsy Research 2008; 78: 201-6.
  • (38) Janz D. The psychiatry of idiopathic generalized epilepsy. In: Trimble M, & Schmidt B. (editors). The neuropsychiatry of epilepsy. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge; 2002.
  • (39) Trimble MR. The psychoses of epilepsy. New York : Raven Press; 1991.
  • (40) Matsuura M, Trimble MR. Psychosis in epilepsy: a review of Japanese studies. Epilepsy & Behavior 2000; 1: 315-26.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet