Impacto del aire enrarecido de una cueva mediterránea en humanos, a nivel cardiovascular

  1. Ignasi de Yzaguirre y Maura
  2. Gonzalo Grazioli
  3. Monica Domènech Feira-Carot
  4. Diego Dulanto Zabala
  5. Marta Sitges Carreño
  6. Josep Antoni Gutiérrez Rincón
Journal:
Apunts: Medicina de l'esport

ISSN: 1886-6581,  0213-3717

Year of publication: 2016

Volume: 51

Issue: 190

Pages: 40-47

Type: Article

DOI: 10.1016/J.APUNTS.2016.01.002 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Apunts: Medicina de l'esport

Abstract

Introduction: Study of physiological adaptation in people breathing rarefied air in a cave. Objective: To investigate the arrhythmogenic capacity of rarefied air and changes the autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic). To establish cutoff levels beyond which preventive measures must be taken. Method: The study included 25 cavers, monitored by ECG Holter and blood pressure measurements in 2 situations at rest, one outside the cave breathing normal air composition (NA), and the other underground, breathing rarefied air of natural origin (RA) in a confined space (O2 : 13.38 ± 1.5% and CO2 : 2.23 ± 0.31%). Results: Resting heart rate (NA:81.9 ±15.1 beats per minute (bpm) vs.RA: 83.8 ± 17.3 bpm; P ≤ .58). Systolic blood pressure (NA: 130.3 ± 17.2 mmHg vs. RA: 140.2 ± 21.3 mmHg; P ≤ .0003). Diastolic blood pressure (NA: 78.2 ± 11.0 mmHg vs. RA: 85.5 ± 11.2 mmHg; P ≤ .0002). Heart rate variability: RMSSD (NA: 25.9 ± 13.8 ms vs. RA: 36.9 ± 17.8 ms; P ≤ .003), NN50 (NA: 49.0 ± 66.2 bpm vs. RA: 111.7 ± 102.8 bpm; P ≤ .003); pNN50 (NA: 11.3% ± 7.5 vs. RA: 15.9 ± 15.8%; P ≤ .0013). Fourier analysis: TP (NA: 1,759.5 ms 2 vs. RA: 1,611.5 ms 2 ; P ≤ .04); HF (NA: 301.5 ± 329.4 ms 2 vs. RA: 662.3 ± 762.8 ms 2 ; P ≤ .02). An increase in arrhythmic events is detected when comparing the hour that included test 1 (HNA) in normal air with the hour that included test 2 (HRA) with rarefied air. There is a correlation of arrhythmic events in both situations: (ventricular ectopic beats in RA) = 2.9859 × (ventricular ectopic beats NA) + 1.5622; n = 24; r = 0.814; P <.0001.Conclusions: Exposure to RA at rest for 10 minutes causes a pressor response in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to normal air (NA). Heart rate variability in a standardised situation and rest shows a parasympathetic sponse, with increased rMSSD and HF parameters when subjects are subjected to an atmosphere of RA. In RA, the subjects had three times more arrhythmic events when compared to NA.

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Data source: Dialnet