Intervención psicoeducativa en adolescentes:efecto inicial y trascendencia en las opiniones sobre la enfermedad mental y las actitudes estigmatizadoras

  1. Pilar Abadía Casasús 1
  2. Estíbaliz Cristóbal Domínguez 2
  1. 1 Enfermera especialista Salud Mental, Red de Salud Mental de Álava, Hospital Psiquiátrico de Álava. Álava (País Vasco), España
  2. 2 Supervisora de Investigación en Enfermería, Organización Sanitaria Integrada Araba
Journal:
Presencia: Salud mental, investigación y humanidades

ISSN: 1885-0219

Year of publication: 2017

Issue: 13

Type: Article

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR

More publications in: Presencia: Salud mental, investigación y humanidades

Abstract

Introduction. Stigma has serious negative consequences, as evidenced by deep-rooted aspects of social behavior: stereotypes, prejudice and discrimination. Different research emphasizes that adolescents carry the same attitudes, it seems to be a priority to intervene early. The objective is to examine the effect of an educational program aimed at changing stigmatizing opinions and attitudes. Material and methods. Non-randomized clinical trial with experimental group and control. The primary endpoint was measured using the Cohen and Struening Opinions about Mental Illnes (OMI) questionnaire. Means and standard deviations, frequencies and percentages were calculated. The U mann-Whitney test to compare results, the Wilcoxon test to study previous and subsequent differences. Alpha value of 0.05 was established, statistical power of 80%. Results. We found statistically significant differences between groups for the dimension "interpersonal etiology", "authoritarianism" (p <0.05). Intra-group significant differences for: "interpersonal etiology", "negativism" (p <0.01), "authoritarianism". Conclusions. The results help eradicate stigma. Future research should target adolescents as a target population to improve understanding of the social dimensions of stigma.

Bibliographic References

  • World Health Organization. Mental health: facing the challenges, building solutions: report from the WHO European Ministerial Conference. Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization, Regional Office for Europe; 2005.
  • Plan Estratégico CIBERSAM 2014-2016. Magnitud y Relevancia de las Enfermedades Mentales (8-14). Disponible en: http://www.ciberisciii.es/ficheros/SAM/1_Plan%20Estrategico%20CIBERSAM_2014_vf_161213.pdf
  • Wykes, Til et al. Mental health research priorities for Europe. The Lancet Psychiatry 2015; 2(11):1036-1042.
  • Goffman E., Estigma. La identidad deteriorada, Buenos Aires, Amorrortu, 1970.
  • González O. Enfermedad mental, estigma y legislación. Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiq. [revista en la Internet]. 2009 [citado 2016 Mar 31] ; 29(2):471-478.
  • Ottati V, Bodenhausen GV, Newman LS. Social Psychological Models of Mental Illness Stigma. En: Corrigan PW, editor. On the stigma of mental illness: Practical strategies for research and social change [Internet]. Washington: American Psychological Association; 2005 [citado 31 de marzo de 2016]. P. 99-128.
  • Mittal D, Sullivan G, Chekuri L, Allee E, Corrigan PW. Empirical Studies of Self-Stigma Reduction Strategies: A Critical Review of the Literature. Psychiatr Serv. 2012; 63(10):974-81.
  • Corrigan PW, Morris SB, Michaels PJ, Rafacz JD, Rüsch N. Challenging the public stigma of mental illness: a meta-analysis of outcome studies. Psychiatr Serv. 2012; 63(10):963-73.
  • Rüsch N, Angermeyer MC, Corrigan PW. Mental illness stigma: Concepts, consequences, and initiatives to reduce stigma. European Psychiatry. diciembre de 2005; 20(8):529-39.
  • Salud Mental y Medios de Comunicación. Guía de Estilo. FEAFES Confederación Española de Agrupaciones de Familiares y Enfermos Mentales.
  • U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Mental Health: A Report of the Surgeon General, National Institute of Mental Health, 1999.
  • Corrigan PW, Rao D. On the Self-Stigma of Mental Illness: Stages, Disclosure, and Strategies for Change. Canadian journal of psychiatry Revue canadienne de psychiatrie. 2012; 57(8):464-469.
  • Rüsch N, Angermeyer MC, Corrigan P. Mental Illness Stigma: Concepts, Consequences and Initiatives to Reduce Stigma. Eur. Psychiatry, 2005, 20:529-539.
  • M. Muñoz, E. Pérez Santos, M. Crespo, A.I. Guillén. Estigma y enfermedad mental. Análisis del rechazo social que sufren las personas con enfermedad mental. Editorial Complutense, (2009).
  • Ruiz MA, Montes JM, Correas L et al. Opiniones y creencias sobre las enfermedades mentales graves (esquizofrenia y trastorno bipolar) en la sociedad española. Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental. 2012; 5(2):98-106
  • Yamaguchi, S., Mino, Y. And Uddin, S. “Strategies and future attempts to reduce stigmatization and increase awareness of mental health problems among young people: A narrative review of educational interventions. “Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, 2011, 65:405415.
  • Tomaras VD, Ginieri-Coccossis M, Vassiliadou M, Malliori M, Ferentinos S, Soldatos CR, Tylee A. Education in mental health promotion and its impact on the participants' attitudes and perceived mental health. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2011 23;10:33.
  • Clement S, van Nieuwenhuizen A, Kassam A, Flach C, Lazarus A., de Castro M., mccrone P., Norman I., Thornicroft G. Filmed v. Live social contact interventions to reduce stigma: randomised controlled trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry. 2012. 201:57–64.
  • Young Minds. Stigma: a review of the evidence. 2010. http://www.youngminds.org.uk/assets/0000/1324/stigma-review.pdf
  • Pinfold V, Toulmin H, Thornicroft G, Huxley P, Farmer P, Graham T. Reducing psychiatric stigma and discrimination: evaluation of educational interventions in UK secondary schools. Br J Psychiatry. 2003; 182:342-6.
  • Watson AC, Otey E, Westbrook AL, Gardner AL, Lamb TA, Corrigan PW, et al. Changing middle schoolers' attitudes about mental illness through education. Schizophr Bull. 2004; 30(3):563-72.
  • Chisholm KE, Patterson P, Torgerson C, Turner E, Birchwood M. A randomised controlled feasibility trial for an educational school-based mental health intervention: study protocol. BMC Psychiatry. 2012.
  • Naylor PB, Cowie HA, Walters SJ, Talamelli L, Dawkins J. Impact of a mental health teaching programme on adolescents. Br J Psychiatry. 2009 Apr; 194(4):365-70.
  • Martínez-Zambrano F, García-Morales E, García-Franco M, et al. Intervention for reducing stigma: Assessing the influence of gender and knowledge. World Journal of Psychiatry 2013; 3(2):18-24.
  • Schulze B, Richter-Werling M, Matschinger H, Angermeyer MC. Crazy? So what! Effects of a school project on students ‘attitudes towards people with schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2003; 107:142-150.
  • Adolescents’ attitudes toward schizophrenia, depression and PTSD. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv 2008; 46:45-51.
  • Link BG, Yang LH, Phelan JC, Collins PY. Measuring Mental Illness Stigma. Schizophrenia Bulletin 2004; 30(3):511-41.
  • Taylor SM, Dear MJ. Scaling community attitudes toward the mentally ill. Schizophr Bull. 1981; 7:225-40.
  • Stuart H. Reaching out to high school youth: the effectiveness of a video-based antistigma program. Can J Psychiatry. 2006; 51(10):647-53.
Data source: Dialnet