Efectividad de una intervención psicoeducativa en la reducción de la sobrecarga del cuidador informal del paciente con esquizofrenia (EDUCA-III-OSA)

  1. Eduardo González-Fraile 2
  2. María Teresa Bastida-Loinaz 3
  3. Manuel Martín-Carrasco 1
  4. Ana I. Domínguez-Panchón 4
  5. Álvaro Iruin-Sanz 3
  1. 1 Clínica Psiquiátrica Padre Menni, Pamplona, España
  2. 2 Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), España
  3. 3 Red de Salud Mental de Gipuzkoa, Osakidetza, Gipuzkoa, España
  4. 4 Hospital Aita Menni, Arrasate-Mondragón, Guipuzkoa, España
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Revista:
Psychosocial Intervention

ISSN: 1132-0559

Año de publicación: 2018

Volumen: 27

Número: 3

Páginas: 113-121

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5093/PI2018A20 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Psychosocial Intervention

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

Los familiares de pacientes con esquizofrenia o trastorno esquizoafectivo frecuentemente padecen consecuencias negativas derivadas de su labor como cuidadores. El objetivo del estudio EDUCA-III-OSA es evaluar la efectividad de un programa de intervención psicoeducativa (PIP) en la reducción de la sobrecarga del cuidador informal tras la intervención a los 4 meses y 16 meses después. Se llevó a cabo un estudio multicéntrico con diseño cuasi-experimental de grupo único. La variable dependiente principal fue la sobrecarga, medida a través del Inventario de Sobrecarga de Zarit (ZBI) y el Cuestionario de Evaluación de Repercusión Familiar (IEQ). Las variables secundarias fueron la ansiedad (STAI-X), la salud mental del cuidador (GHQ-28) y la depresión (CES-D). 39 cuidadores de 5 centros diferentes participaron en el estudio. Tras la intervención (4 meses), las variables de sobrecarga (d de Cohen = 0.26), depresión (d = 0.42), salud mental (d = 0.76) y ansiedad-estado (d = 0.59) experimentaron una mejora moderada. Esta mejora se vio incrementada a los 16 meses en las variables de sobrecarga (d = 0.56) y ansiedad-estado (d = 0.89), mientras que la variable de salud mental experimentó un descenso (d = 0.39). Tras la aplicación de la intervención psicoeducativa manualizada se produjo una mejoría en el estado psicológico de los cuidadores informales. Estos cambios se mantuvieron un año después.

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Información de financiación

El estudio EDUCA-III-OSA ha sido financiado por el Departamento de Salud del Gobierno Vasco.

Financiadores

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet