Cáncer colorrectal

  1. Beatriz Nafría Jiménez 1
  1. 1 Universidad de Zaragoza
    info

    Universidad de Zaragoza

    Zaragoza, España

    ROR https://ror.org/012a91z28

Revista:
NPunto

ISSN: 2603-9680,  2605-0110

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 5

Número: 56

Páginas: 4-29

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: NPunto

Resumen

El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es un tumor de carácter maligno que afecta al colon y al recto, últimas partes del intestino grueso, a partir de lesiones conocidas como pólipos. Algunos pólipos (adenomatosos) son lesiones premalignas que pueden transformarse con los años a cáncer. Estos pólipos premalignos y los CCR precoces se caracterizan por perder sangre en las heces, de manera intermitente, que puede detectarse en el laboratorio clínico con pruebas específicas, antes de que tengan manifestación clínica, favoreciendo una detección precoz. El CCR no suele presentar clínica hasta que está en un estadio avanzado, de ahí la importancia del diagnóstico precoz y los programas de cribado poblacional. No obstante, los síntomas más comunes son: cambios del hábito intestinal, hemorragias digestivas y dolor abdominal. El CCR constituye un problema mundial de salud pública, sobre todo en los países más desarrollados, y representa los primeros puestos tanto en incidencia como en mortalidad. Entre los factores de riesgo destaca la edad (>50 años), los hábitos alimenticios, así como los antecedentes familiares. El tratamiento habitual es la extirpación de estas lesiones evitando así que evolucionen a cáncer y/o tratarlo, si ya existe CCR, con quimio-radioterapia adyuvante.

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet